On 13 October 2026, Rwanda's Ministry of Trade and Industry published Ministerial Order No. 001/MINICOM/26, replacing the country's 2016 intellectual property fee schedule. The Rwanda Development Board (RDB) confirmed that the new regime applies to all filings made on or after the effective date. Applications submitted under the previous rates but still pending require payment of the fee difference.

Key changes include:

• Revised fee structure: Foreign-based applicants must now pay separate fees in US Dollars, typically 2.5 to 5 times higher than resident rates. Trade mark application fees increased to 40,000 RWF, trade mark renewal fees increased to 100,000 RWF, copyright registration now costs 5,000 RWF, while patent annuities for years 1-5 were reduced to RWF 50,000 RWF.
• New Power of Attorney requirements: PoAs must follow a prescribed format, be executed in English, French, or Kinyarwanda, and be notarised. The prescribed attestation must confirm the grantor's identity, personal appearance, and voluntary execution of the document. A company seal must be applied where applicable.
• Procedural reforms: The order introduces a 60-day opposition period for patents, utility models, and industrial designs. It also establishes an Appeal Committee and sets time limits for appeals and responses in contested proceedings.
• Licensing of IP agents: IP agents must now hold a renewable two-year licence and satisfy specific qualification and experience requirements.
• Enforcement and copyright rules: Rights holders seeking court or customs action against counterfeit goods must provide a security deposit equal to 20% of the goods’ value. Additionally, commercial entities (hotels, broadcasters, and online platforms) must obtain licences, maintain records of use, and pay royalties.